Factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete pdf

Request pdf factors influencing the density and compressive strength of aerated concrete aerated concrete is a relatively homogeneous material as compared with conventional concrete since it. This has quite similarity with setting but setting and hardening are different. Compressive strength of concrete is an important element in designing r. Factors affecting strength of concrete civil engineering. May 18, 2018 compressive strength of concrete and its importance. There are some factors which affect the concrete strength, so one should know these factors while pouring and handling the concrete on site. An approach for predicting the compressive strength of cement.

Highly workable concrete can easily be mixed, placed and transported. Structures compressive strength of concrete consequently quality of concrete manufactured is often measured by. Factors affecting concrete strength online civilforum. It is also demonstrated that the combination of the foaming agent with a particular watercement ratio is a crucial parameter affecting the. What are the factors that affecting the strength of concrete. There are many factors that can affect the strength of concrete.

Compressive strength of concrete hardened concrete 1 g. As we all know that concrete is a mixture of sand, cement, and aggregate. Patil 1, manojkumar 2 1department of civil engineering, p d a college of engineering, aiwaneshahi area, gulbarga, 585102, india. The rate of strength is dependent on various factors at which the strength of concrete expands as soon as the mixing is completed. The scattering of theplottedpoints of figure4 gives an indication. Apart from the above tests there are various factors that can also affects the strength of the concrete, highlights of those factors are described below.

Compressive strength of concrete and its importance. Factors affecting strength of concrete factors affecting concrete strength concrete strength is effected by many factors, such as quality of raw materials, watercement ratio, coarsefine aggregate ratio, age of concrete, compaction of concrete, temperature, relative humidity and curing of concrete. Factors affecting strength test results of concrete compressive strength is the most important property of concrete. It determines the loadbearing behavior of concrete structures because the compressive strength, which is usually taken as design parameter, depends also on the tensile strength on the mesoscale. The compressive strength of any material is defined as the resistance to failure under the action of compressive forces. Some factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete. Calculate ultimate load kn estimating a 25 mpa strength of concrete. We at are thankful to sir kaushal kishore for submitting this research paper and helping all civil engineers understand the concept of concrete strength and factors affecting it. Pdf key factors affecting the compressive strength of foamed. Pdf factors affecting compressive strength development in. Factors influencing the density and compressive strength of aerated concrete.

Generally, cores may be obtained to assess whether concrete in a new structure complies with strength based. After preparing the ends, a compressive axial load will be applied to the samples at a continuous rate until failure occurs. The strength of the concrete can be measured with the different test that are conducted on it such as, compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength. There are various factors that affect the strength of concrete, some of which are as follows. Pdf factors affecting compressive strength development. Factors affecting strength and durability of concrete made with. Factors affecting strength of concrete concrete strength is affected by many factors, such as quality of raw materials, watercement. Important factors affecting the compressive strength of. Provided the cement conforms with the appropriate standard and it has been stored correctly i. Some factors affecting the compressive strength of. The results indicated an increase in the tensile and compressive strength up to a temperature of 100 c. One comment on important factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete gabriel says. The effect of high temperature on the properties of concrete depends mainly on various factors related to its quality and the level of temperature. Traditional factors such as cement content and watercement ratio were not intended to be variables.

Air voids are on obvious and easily visible example of pores in concrete. Broadly speaking, the less porous the concrete, stronger it. An experimental campaign has an experimental campaign has been conducted on a broad group of cubic specim ens made of foamed concrete. Concrete is made up of various ingredients, and of course all of them have. At these high strain rates, the apparent strength of concrete can increase significantly. Factors affecting strength of concrete concrete strength. Witte and backstrom 7 also state that compressive strength is the most important factor controlling the abrasion resistance of concrete, abrasion resistance. Therefore, it can be said that creep increases with increase in watercement ratio. Founded in 1904 and headquartered in farmington hills, michigan, usa, the american concrete institute is a leading authority and resource worldwide for the development, dissemination, and adoption of its consensusbased standards, technical resources, educational programs, and proven expertise for individuals and organizations involved in concrete design. N study on the influencing factors of concrete compressive strength. Geopolymer concrete, flyash, ggbs, alkaline solution, compressive strength, environmental benefits. The effects of aggregate type, size, and content on the behavior of normal and highstrength concrete, and the relationships between compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture energy are discussed. May 29, 2014 the effect of elevated temperature on the concrete specimens prepared with varying mixture proportions was evaluated by measuring the residual compressive and splittensile strength. What is concrete strength and what are the factors affecting it.

Compression testing of concrete cylinders a nd cores rev. Indicate the water content l and slump mm values obtained in your group concrete i. Many factors have been shown to influence the flexural tensile strength of concrete, particularly the level of stress, size, age and confinement to concrete flexure member, etc. Water cement ratio is the weight of water in proportion to weight of cement expressed in terms of. All the materials and processes involved in producing concrete affect the workability of concrete. But sometimes the strength test results vary so widely that it becomes difficult. Voids in concrete can be filled with air or with water. Factors affecting strength of concrete the constructor. The experimental investigation was designed to examine the influence of various cements on the strength and durability of concrete. Factors affecting the tensile properties of concrete. The factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete are water cement ratio quality of cement and chemical constituents storage of cement aggregate water moisture in aggregate slump degree of compaction. Pdf key factors affecting the compressive strength of. This is the main dimension of the material which a design engineer is concerned of.

Curing is a procedure that is adopted to promote the hardening of concrete under conditions of humidity and temperature which are conducive to the progressive and proper setting of the constituent cement. What are properties of hardened concretegoverning factors. This video shows the factors affecting concrete strength. But my question is explain factors affecting tue compressive strength of concrete. Concrete compressive strength can vary from 2500 psi 17 mpa for residential concrete to 4000 psi 28 mpa and higher in commercial structures. Compressive strength cs of cement given are average values. Broadly speaking, all other factors which are affecting the watercement ratio are also affecting the creep. The effect of high temperature on the properties of concrete depends. What is concrete strength and what are the factors. The effect of mix proportions, type and brand of cement, availablity of moisture for curing, accelerators and curing temperatures on the rate and potential strength.

Curing has a major influence on the properties of hardened concrete such as durability, strength, watertightness, wear resistance, volume stability, and resistance. Statistical analysis was performed on test data consisting of chemical and physical properties of cements. The changes in the chemical composition of hydration products and pore structure of concrete exposed to high temperature result in the degradation of its mechanical properties and durability characteristics. Especially for concrete, compressive strength is an important parameter to determine the performance of the material during service conditions. Since the water cement ratio has increased, the compressive strength will decrease. Curing has a major influence on the properties of hardened concrete such as durability, strength, watertightness, wear resistance, volume stability, and resistance to freezing and thawing. For reinforced concrete structures subjected to blast effects, response at very high strain rates up to s1 is often sought. Factors affecting compressive strength development in alkaliactivated slag concrete article pdf available in iop conference series materials science and engineering 603. For normal field applications, the concrete strength can vary from 10mpa to 60 mpa. Concrete is very weak in tension, it is so weak that the tensile strength of concrete is usually ignored in the design of. Procedure overview this procedure is to be used for determining the compressive strength of concrete cylinders and cores.

The following terms are associated with the strength gain of concrete. What are the factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete. Summary abramss law of compressive strength versus watercement ratio is well known and many investigators have studied the possible. Compressive strength results are used to ensure that the concrete mixture as delivered. It appears, therefore, that other factors must be considered as affecting abrasion resistance, and compressive strength alone cannot be used as a criterion for durable concrete. Pdf this contribution aims to highlight, from an experimental point of view, the key factors affecting the compressive strength of foamed concrete. Mar 21, 2008 many factors influence the rate at which the strength of concrete increases after mixing. The concrete mixtures incorporate either basalt or crushed limestone, aggregate sizes of 12 mm h in. Some applications use higher strengths, greater than 10,000 psi 70 mpa. C39 has correction factors if the lengthtodiameter ratio of the cylinder is between 1. Followings are the factors affect the workability of concrete.

Effects of key factors on compressive and tensile strengths of. Water cement ratio is one of the most important factors which govern the strength of concrete. Concrete that has been specified, batched, mixed, placed, and finished can still be a failure if improperly or inadequately cured. Hardening belongs to the method of growth of strength. In other words, it can also be said that creep is inversely proportional to the strength of concrete. Compressive strength of concrete cube test, procedure. Abramss law of compressive strength versus watercement ratio is well known and many investigators have studied the possible effects of other factors, such as cement content and sand concentration, upon concrete strength. Jun 03, 2000 this paper reports the results of a systematic study conducted to ascertain the influence of the limecement ratio, fly ash as a partialcomplete replacement of sand, the particle size of sand and the dosage of aerating agent on the density and compressive strength of moistcured and autoclaved aerated concrete. Factors affecting strength and durability of concrete made. In experimental concrete, entirely smooth coarse aggregate led to a lower compressive strength, typically by 10 per cent, than when roughened. Compressive strength of concrete lifting and leading shall be done with proper care to avoid impact on.

Concrete strength is affected by many factors, such as quality of raw materials, watercement ratio, coarsefine aggregate ratio, age of concrete, compaction of concrete, temperature, relative humidity and curing of concrete. This is usually called as the characteristic compressive strength of concrete fc fck. A study of factors affecting the flexural tensile strength. Concrete surfaces with poor durability have been a problem on some highways in. Concrete mix can be designed or proportioned to obtain the required engineering.

This paper also deals with the various application, economical and environmental benefits of geopolymer concrete. The factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete are. Factors influencing the density and compressive strength. Factors influencing the density and compressive strength of. Factors affecting durability of concrete surfaces transportation. The influence of the type of coarse aggregate on the strength of concrete varies in magnitude and depends on the watercement ratio of the mix. Factors affecting the strength of masonry of hollow units.

At least two cylinders are tested at the same age and the average strength is reported as. The concrete members, in general, are of large continuous size and have at least minimum reinforcement introducing a confining effect to the concrete. Workability of concrete is measured in terms of the ease of mixing and placing of concrete. Effects of key factors on compressive and tensile strengths. Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concrete suresh. Concrete strength is affected by many factors, such as quality of raw materials watercement ratio coarsefine aggregate ratio age of concrete compaction of concrete temperature relative humidity curing of concrete due to use of higher quantity cement. Watercement ratio the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement is called watercement ratio. The compressive strength of concrete is determined in the laboratory in controlled conditions. What rate of loading you should use code specified during the test.

Factors affecting workability of concrete civil engineering. This study establishes that from the viewpoint of density reduction, fly ash can play a pivotal role in aerated. We can also use 200mm cube, but you have to convert the compressive strength of 200mm cube to the equivalent of 150mm cube to know the actual strength of the concrete. On the basis of this test result we judge the quality of concrete. Tensile strength is a paramount property of concrete. Guide for obtaining cores and interpreting compressive strength results reported by aci committee 214 aci 214. The strength of the concrete depends upon many factors like individual compressive strength of its constituents cement, sand, aggregate, quality of materials used, air entrainment mix proportions, watercement. Sep 16, 20 compressive strength of concrete varies from 10nmm2 to 500nmm2 for ultra high strength concrete 20008000 psi. The capacity of concrete is reported in psi pounds per sq. A study of factors affecting the flexural tensile strength of.